Diabetes and the Eyes: A Vital Connection
This article was posted on the HAP blog. Read more here.
Regular eye examinations are not just about maintaining good vision but also about early detection of diabetes and preventing its complications. Here’s what you need to know:
Annual Dilated Eye Exams: A Key Preventive Measure
An annual dilated eye exam is the most comprehensive method to detect diabetic changes in your eyes. The eyes can often be the first place where signs of diabetes manifest. For most patients, it is recommended to undergo a dilated eye exam at least once a year. This exam helps us check if diabetes is affecting your eyes and allows us to take timely action.
Impact of Diabetes on the Eyes
Diabetes can affect various parts of the eye, most commonly the retina. It also increases the risk of other ocular conditions, including:
- Glaucoma – an eye condition that can cause vision loss and blindness
- Cataract – an eye condition that causes vision to become cloudy
- Infections
Dry Eye
Treatment for Diabetic Eye Disease
Diabetic eye disease can range from mild to severe, requiring different levels of intervention:
- Early stages of diabetic retinopathy may only need monitoring.
- Advanced stages may require laser therapy, injectable medications, or even surgery.
Managing Your Diabetes to Protect Your Eyes
Diabetes can impact your eyes at any stage of the disease. However, you can reduce the risk of diabetic eye disease by maintaining lower hemoglobin A1c levels and keeping your blood sugar levels well-controlled and stable.
Silent Progression of Diabetic Eye Disease
Early stages of diabetic eye disease might not show any symptoms. Some patients may not experience any visual changes, which underscores the importance of regular eye examinations. Uncontrolled blood sugar levels can lead to rapid and significant changes in vision.
Preparing for Your Eye Exam
To ensure a thorough and effective eye examination, consider the following:
- Know your stats: Bring your latest A1c and blood sugar readings.
- Be prepared for dilation: This might necessitate bringing a driver.
- Bring your glasses: This helps in assessing your current vision correction.
- Know your healthcare providers: Provide the names and locations of your primary care physician (PCP) and/or endocrinologist for better communication regarding your ocular health.